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Renaissance, the art of dance. Critics

The fascinating journey into the history of the Renaissance is most often a ocean crossing in a rich culture, art, traditions, but also of glitz, games and dances of the court. Glimpse era between the late medieval and early modern period, ie about two hundred years between the fifteenth and sixteenth century, the Renaissance marks the apogee of creativity, of an intense artistic movement. A true "renaissance" that implies the idea of \u200b\u200bawakening, much as the spirit of the classical forms. This meaning was coined by Giorgio Vasari in his book "Lives of 'best architects, painters, sculptors et Italians, by Cimabue, even to our times." The art exploded as never before and he did so with the language of distinguished painters, great sculptors of imaginative architects, but also through the regenerative power of dance. In medieval dance, which at an early period was also practiced in buildings as part of religious rituals and the accompanying songs, underwent the sentence of the ecclesiastical authorities who saw in his practice the danger of lust of the costumes, the show date moving body. E 'at the Renaissance courts that the dance becomes the fulcrum of all human events. At first the balls were interpreted only by aristocrats and royalty, in the halls or in the gardens of the palace, to enliven an otherwise dull life at court. But dancing was also a necessary social quality nobles and was part of their education from childhood. From the fifteenth century at the courts were called a few dance professionals, responsible for teaching discipline and prepare choreography for the great parties, whose splendor was intended to celebrate the power and wealth of the gentry. He was born the new figure of the professional dance instructor who taught the steps, gestures, bows and twirls. Silvana Sinisi is the author of "The history of Western dance." The expert on relations between the scene - teatro/danza- and the visual arts (his is an accurate text, which analyzes the dance in an interdisciplinary perspective) writes an entire chapter about the dance masters. The first great teacher and theorist of dance, says Sinisi, Domenico da Piacenza was author of the treatise "De arte et saltandi choreas ducendi. The treaty consists of two parts, a theoretical part, the second is devoted to the description of the dances he created. The most famous of the Renaissance master, a pupil of Domenico, Guglielmo Jew of Pesaro in the middle of the 400 who wrote the treatise "De seu art practices Exultant Opusculum vulgare" in which codifies the six qualities of the perfect dancer: the ability to measure time, coordination movements, the ability to remember the steps I learned, and distance limitations of the place, the place to appear; bodily movement. Thanks to these treaties, you can follow the evolution of dance during the fifteenth century and its gradual promotion of the statute that equates to the other arts in the context of aesthetics of the Renaissance. There are four main dancing codified in the treaties: the Bassadanza, the Quaternary, the Saltarello, Piva. The Bassadanza is dancing noble par excellence, practiced especially in court circles. Slow and solemn ceremonies in the preferred, provided for a variety of movements that included bows, simple steps and double smeared with his toe, "branles" (moving the body weight from one foot to another). The Quaternary widespread in Germany, was instead characterized by a rhythm track and consisted of two simple steps, followed by a joke and a recovery. The two other dances had a quick and lively character and belong to so-called high dances. Among the numerous celebrations staged by the courts concerned a large part of the princely wedding, within which were always the music and dance that developed in a short pantomime actions. In the sixteenth century the two treaties of dance, written by Italians, they made a stir and for this they were required in courts all over Europe. "The Ballarino by Fabrizio Caroso and" Grate Love "by Cesare Negri. Considered the greatest dancer of his time, the Caroso follows the standards set by his predecessors, as well as Negri, in his important book, continues the evolution of dance. The decline of the dances in vogue in the sixteenth century is accompanied by the emergence of new genres: the time, the Tourdion the bransle, the courante. An important novelty is represented by the pair closed in dances where the dancers have stopped side by side, touching his hand lightly, but they move in unison as a single person in close physical contact. The most famous, and controversial, was the time. Run consisted of Italian origin in small jumps when the couple, well connected, it did make whirling spins on itself with the final lifting of the lady. The dance will continue to evolve in the following centuries. In the Renaissance breaks the expressive power of art, which passes through painting, sculpture, architecture, but who knows what you find in the art of dance in the act will become sublime revelation of the human soul.

Merilyn Sekova Gallery

in dance: the psychological consequences

reproduce below an article posted on the blog Psychology Gabriella chioce.

In the original there is a reference to my article on the presumption of some masters of dance.

" Consequent to the sentence of an article written by Max Raso about the distinction between" criticism as a negative evaluation and criticism (criticism) and understood as a critical study to UNTIMELINESS OR UNAUTHENTICITY establish the truth "I would like to make some personal psychological considerations. In the first case (negative feedback and criticism as criticism, "criticism"), the intention of him that "criticism", is sometimes destructive, though often the criticism may have some positive implications and represent a starting point to start constructive confrontation: the important thing is knowing how to do a critique and be able to accept different opinions from their own! Often, the individual is brought up to show him who is the subject of criticism, all the negative characteristics that perceives itself, all his failures, real or alleged, at the base of which you could hide a sort of inferiority complex. Unable to reach certain goals in life, to overcome its been frustrating, he resorts to constant comparison with the other with a view to finding out about himself "the rot" and all that is positive in itself. " And 'this, probably, the syndrome which suffers most of the dancing masters in the last decade (I am speaking environment salsa). Have you ever wondered why the sauce is becoming increasingly less and especially you are disclosing specific socio-cultural contexts? Analyzing the situation of Taranto, this phenomenon could be explained by the fact that individuals who are hungry for "reputation" and that in life they never had the opportunity to realize their aspirations (or for individual reasons or for social reasons) go in search of something, some activity that makes them overcome that sense of "impotence which, for once in your life, have all experienced. The factors responsible for their condition could be traced for example in the lack of certainties in life, in the state of unemployment in an unrewarding job or simply repressed desire to feel "alive." While some people react to similar situations using their potential, skills or for those who, continuing his studies, he spent culture, others chasing success and salary "easy" without knowing how to do anything (see the example of big brother or, if the master of dance, improvise teacher par excellence). Adler stated: "the feeling of inferiority to superiority and aspiration exist in all human beings. We are driven to act because we feel inferior, and get over our inferiority complex after a struggle a success. Unfortunately, it is also common to see people who are placed solely motivated by the objectives of the false sense of inferiority and lead them to an alienated way of life. We must expose the fictitious behavior and channel their energies on purpose truly in line with its own identity. " It must be said, however, that this situation is legitimized by a society relying more on image than on skills! What happens in the sauce? Probably in this context, some people initially think they enroll in the course of a simple dance for fun, but, in reality, what they "move" and warned of what really is nothing urgent. This fact can be deduced from the fact that enough to have only done one year of the course, even three months to be ready to teach, to be already "masters par excellence! And the other teachers? Will clearly "Critical". But this is not enough! Yes, because those "new masters" so angry with the world to their existential situation will promote "divisions", "strife", "separation". And what will the outcome of the sauce? THE END! In all things, you know, it requires collaboration, cooperation and confrontation, in the case of the sauce, must take place between teachers, associations, lovers of salsa, etc.. That's why I believe that the responsibility for this situation is due to teachers who do not submit these values! Only by overcoming the criticism and promoting collaboration will be possible to allow the dance to continue to live and not to "Survive"! "

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Latin American mysteries: the birth of a nation

Populations that are geographically situated in the western part of the globe today called Latin, have been bullied, conquered and exterminated by the greed of the two major imperialist powers of the time, Spain and Portugal. The two countries implement a project that led to destruction of the indigenous ethnic zeroing of America Columbus called "Indians", or inhabitants of the East Indies, Indian, a term still in use. It took decades before the English Crown invited to speak no more of "conquest" but "discovered" and put an end to the slaughter. The book "Economic History of the World" by Rondo Cameron and Larry Neal, the fifth chapter deals with the extremes of time between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries, which bound the so-called "second European logistics." During the period which they defined any major changes beyond those already well documented by historians. At its end the European and world economy were hugely different from what had been in the fifteenth century. The most obvious difference was the huge expansion of geographical horizons. The explorations and innovations were disruptive: the compass, the pilot books, maps and new boats, faster, made the trip safe. It was an advantage to Spain and Portugal which, thanks to favorable policies implemented by governments fans, the premiere for a long time both in the seas of the West and in those of the East. America at the beginning was long the scene of bloody clashes, and to pay the higher prices were the natives. Peaceful people had for long years and endless to reckon with men willing to do anything. America was rich in gold deposits, this is what European explorers sought. The current configuration of American began to be drafted by the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1493 when Pope Alexander VI issued three bulls. In practice, the claims of world domination put forward by the two powers in the field, thought it well to indicate a meridian, entirely arbitrary, located about off the islands of Cape Verde: the lands to the west of this meridian were English those to the east Portuguese. The conflict lasted for years. Was resolved by Charles V, in exchange for a substantial sum of ducats, gave up the claims of domination in the Pacific region. Most of North America, however, gained its independence in the early decades of the nineteenth century when it spread to the English-American tradition, reminiscent of the old English empire (terrible conquistadors) and excluded the vast Brazil. It was therefore preferred, for a certain period, the Ibero-American denomination. The presence of an 'Anglo-Saxon America, which appeared as white, Protestant, and growing, compared to an America that they wanted mestizo, with a strong religious syncretism and disorganized, hurt the pride of many intellectuals. He found wide acceptance since the expression "Nuestra America" \u200b\u200bFinance reach the implementation language that developed subsequently, in Latin America. So we now call the area. The men aboard the "Caravelle" caused huge disruptions of Columbus, was obviously inevitable. Today, just beyond the historical considerations, there are still many Latin countries who live under difficult conditions. The hope is that these people can express themselves freely, once and forever. We modern Europeans to accept the de facto "a new cultural entity, the Latin American, very alive for thrills, strong values \u200b\u200band historical links.