During the eighteenth century painters, travelers and musicians have had the audacity to tell, through their point of view obviously artistic and poetic, the many changes taking place in Italy and the rest of Europe. Delicious wisely passed on the pages of history. Louis Ducros, passing through Italy in the "Grand Tour" of 1778, he realized, with his watercolors, amazing works of landscapes and breathtaking views. No less exciting seem at first reading, the short stories of Joseph de Lalande who noted in his "voyage of a francais en Italie" one of the most popular travel memoirs of the period of Rome, in full revolt. And the music? Surely the music at the time suffered from the strong traditions associated with court life, if only because the musicians were in those environments their most important customers. He tells Claudio Casini (music historian) in his book on the art of music in the eighteenth century music in Italy was under investigation by the poor in orphanages or boarding schools, which were called "conservatives" in Naples and Venice, there were many, reached high levels in the teaching professional. Some students came to be castrated to obtain, with their angelic voices, great celebrity singers on the international scene. Classicism, in the history the music is between the galant style and romance, more or less between 1750 and 1830 and is a musical style characterized by the triumph of the modern sonata and symphony. To delve into the historical period of classical music must inevitably resort to two figures of genius, Mozart and Beethoven are the open and close the track for the short but intense period of time. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was its greatest interpreter. He understood more than others the need for artistic balance and need to recapture the rules fixed by the upheaval swept away Baroque. Rolland, Nobel Prize for Literature, about Mozart expressed it this way: "In the storm of passion that, after the Revolution, has invested all the arts and shocked the music is sweet sometimes take refuge in her serenity as the top of Olympus with harmonious lines and contemplate far, in the plain, fighting heroes and Gods of Beethoven and Wagner and the world as a vast sea trembling from the waves. " Considered one of the greatest personalities of Western music, Mozart welcomes contributions equate the most diverse and refurbished in a style dominated by an exquisite perfection, combined with a secret melancholy that will, over time, more poignant and dramatic. It would be a sacrilege to omit the many compositions he wrote in his short life. From the plays, like The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni, The Magic Flute, the symphonies, music for dance quartets, from sacred music to the sonatas and concertos for piano and violin. At the end of the eighteenth century in Italy and Europe are experienced alternating fortunes linked to the revolutionary echoes beyond the Alps. In Italy, the financial crisis, due to misguided legislative maneuvers, the invasion "dell'Armee d'Italie" the young Napoleon Bonaparte and the spread of the phenomenon of banditry decreed a scene of utter confusion that led to a number of popular uprisings. Ludwig van Beethoven marks the border between classical art and future romantic culture. In contrast to most of deafness will know that there is a so-called "perfect pitch" namely the ability to recognize instinctively the height of any sound and the timbre of the instrument or voice which is heard. However the great Beethoven wrote most of his work after being struck by deafness. A dysfunction does not necessarily jeopardize the artist, JC Pearce said: "To live a creative life we \u200b\u200bmust lose our fear of making mistakes." In his music expresses the pain of life and heroic aims to overcome the tension. Dramatic aspect that is found in many of his compositions, which typically occurs in the new conception of sonata form, characterized by a strong contrast between the two issues on which it is developing. Beethoven's innovations, not only but also stylistic techniques, conclude and complete a development that sees music, in this case, the symphony, to become the highest expression of a relationship, that between man and musician, full of contrasts and harmonies. Among his major works to recall the nine symphonies, piano sonatas, concertos for piano and orchestra, string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, the opera Fidelio. With Beethoven the classical age ends, and opens a new period of musical art, which participates in the ideals and spirit of Romanticism future.
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